QTP HARD INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

• 1. What is the Difference between Bitmap Check point & Image Check point .?

Bitmap checkpoint does a pixel to pixel comparison of an image or part of an image.
Image checkpoint does do a pixel to pixel comparison but instead compare image properties like alt text , destination url etc.

• 2. What is the difference between the functions and actions in QTP .?

Actions have their own Object Repository & Data Table. Actions help make your Test modular and increase reuse. Example: You can divide your script into Actions based on functionality like Login, Logout etc.
Functions is a VB Script programming concept and do not have their own Object Repository or Data Table. Functions help in re-use of your code. Ex:  You can create a Function in your script to concatenate two strings.

• 2. What are keyword view and Expert view in QTP .?

Keyword View is an icon based view which shows test steps in tabular format. It also automatically generates documentation for the test steps.
Expert View gives the corresponding VB Script statement for every test step in the Keyword view.

• 3. What are the different types of Test Automation Frameworks .?

The types of Automation Frameworks are -
1) Linear Scripting - Record & Playback
2) The Test Library Architecture Framework.
3)The Data-Driven Testing Framework.
4)The Keyword-Driven or Table-Driven Testing Framework.

• 4. How will you check a web application for broken links using QTP .?

You can use the Page Checkpoint which gives a count of valid/invalid links on a page.

• 5. What is a Run-Time Data Table? Where can I find and view this table .?

Data like parameterized output , checkpoint values , output values  are stored in the Run-time Table. It is an xls file which is stored in the Test Results Folder.  It can also be accessed in the Test Fusion Report.

• 6. What are the difference between check point and output value .?

Check point is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property. Based on this comparison, it will generate a PASS or FAIL status.
 An output value is a value captured during the test run and can be stored in a specified location like the  Datable or even a variable. Unlike Checkpoints, no PASS/FAIL status is generated.

• 7. How would you connect to database using vbscript .?

a) connection string of your server
b) username
c) password
d) DNS name
You can code the database connectivity command directly or you can use the SQL Query tool provided by QTP.

• 8. What is QTP batch testing tool .?

 You can use the Batch testing tool to run multiple scripts. Once the scripts are added in the tool , it  will automatically open the scripts and start executing them one after the other.

• 9. What are the drawbacks of QTP .?

As of QTP version 10
1) Huge Tests in QTP consume lots of memory and increase CPU utilization.
2) Since QTP stores results in HTML file (and not txt) the result folder sometimes becomes big.

• 10. What is an Optional Step .?

A step when declared optional is not mandatory to be executed. If the corresponding GUI object is present, QTP performs the operation on it. If the GUI object is not present, QTP bypasses the optional step and proceeds to execute the next step.

• 11. What is Reporter.ReportEvent .?

Reporter.Reportvent is standard method provided by QTP to send custom messages to the test results window.
Syntax
Reporter.ReportEvent EventStatus, ReportStepName, Details [, ImageFilePath]
where   
EventStatus = 0 or micPass
                    1 or micFail
                    2 or micDone
                    3 or micWarning
 Results can assume any status like Pass , Fail , Warning etc. You can also send screenshot to the test results window.

• 12. How will you declare a variable in QTP .?

You declare using a DIM keyword. You assign value to the variable using the SET keyword.
Dim temp 'Will declare the temp variable
Set  temp = 20 ' Will assign a value 20 to temp.

• 13. How would you export a Script from one PC to another in QTP .?

We can make use of the 'Generate Script' function available in Object Identification, Test Settings and Tools/Options tab to create a zip of the script at the source computer. These zip files then can be imported into QTP at the destination computer.

• 15. Can launch two instances of QTP on the same machine .?

No. You can work with only single instance of QTP on the same machine. But QTP itself can work on multiple instances of the Application Under Test (AUT). Ex:  QTP can handle multiple IE browser windows.

• 16. Give the syntax to import/export xls into QTP .?

DataTable.ImportSheet '..\..\TestData\Input.xls',1,dtGlobalSheet
DataTable.ExportSheet '..\..\Results\Output.xls','Global'

• 17. What is SetToProperty .?

SetToProperty changes property of an object stored in the Object Repository. However these changes are not permanent.

• 18. What is the standard timing delay for web based application in QTP .?

The standard delay is 60 seconds. This is can be changed in Test Settigns.

• 19. What is the Action Conversion Tool .?

It is an in-built tool provided by QTP to convert Actions into Business Process Components.

• 20. What is the extension for a function library .?

The extension is  '.QFL'

• 21. If the Global Data sheet contains no data and the Local Datasheet contains two rows of data, how many times will the test iterate .?

The test will iterate only once - global iteration.

• 22. What is Accessibility Checkpoint .?

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) came up with some instructions and guidelines for Web-based technology and information systems to make it easy for the disabled to access the web. For example the standards make it mandatory to have an 'alt text' for an image. So a blind person who is accessing the website, will use text - to -speech converters and atleast understand what the image is about if not see it. All these standards are checked by Accessibility Checkpoints.

• 23. What is the difference between an Action and a Function .?

Action is a activity specific to QTP while functions are a generic thing which is a feature of
VB Scripting.

Action can have a object repository associated with it while a function can’t. A function is
just lines of code with some / none parameters and a single return value while an action can
have more than one output parameters.

• 24. What are the various events available in the Recovery Scenario Manager .?

1) Application Crash: This event is useful in handling crashed applications at runtime.
 2) Pop Up Window: This event is useful in managing various unwanted application windows,
which get built-up at runtime.
 3) Test Run Error: This event is useful in handling VBScript statement errors at runtime.
 4) Object State: This event is useful in handling object related errors at runtime.

• 25. What factors affect bitmap checkpoints .?

Bitmap checkpoints are affected by screen resolution and image size.